{"id":89,"date":"2013-07-14T19:24:23","date_gmt":"2013-07-14T19:24:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nouvelleresearch.j96fp4es-liquidwebsites.com\/2013\/07\/14\/stem-cells-and-potential-for-therapy\/"},"modified":"2024-04-21T07:31:15","modified_gmt":"2024-04-21T12:31:15","slug":"stem-cells-and-potential-for-therapy-in-the-horse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nouvelleresearch.com\/index.php\/articles\/89-stem-cells-and-potential-for-therapy-in-the-horse","title":{"rendered":"Stem Cells and Potential For Therapy in the Horse"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Disease and injury are all around us, in people and in horses, involving joints, tendons, and ligaments most often.\u00a0 We seem to have an endless desire to &#8216;cure&#8217; something or improve the situation, often no matter the cost.\u00a0 In science&#8217;s pursuit of helping, there are discoveries about the workings of cells that often seem like looking behind the curtain in the Wizard of Oz.\u00a0 Stem cells are one of these discoveries and are becoming popular in aiding horse&#8217;s to recovery from injury and sometimes disease.\u00a0 What are stem cells and how can they assist your horse or better, how could you encourage these stem cells in your horse without outside intervention?<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Stem cells are the mothership of cells and how every cell in your body and your horse&#8217;s originate.\u00a0 They are like a lump of clay, which can be molded and formed into almost any cell in the body and in truth, this is how the body originates, from stem cells that subdivide or differentiate. They are essentially specialized cells that have the ability to transform or differentiate into one of many different types of cells present within the body.\u00a0 That includes the potential ability to differentiate into cardiac, nerve, muscle, tendon, bone and many other types of cells in the horse, human, or otherwise.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Stem Cells in the Horse; What are they?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Stem cells are classified into two broad groups, dependent on their origin: embryonic or adult.\u00a0 Embryonic stem cells are the cause of much of the controversy surrounding stem cells, due to be derived from the blastocyst, which is an early stage embryo.\u00a0 Adult stem cells are derived from the patient themselves and usually extracted from the blood, bone marrow or adipose (fatty) tissue.<\/p>\n<p>Stem cells have gained tremendous popularity in veterinary medicine and seem as if they have been the talk of the medical industry for the past couple of decades.\u00a0 For several years, there was much controversy regarding stem cells, especially regarding morals and ethics amongst many religious communities.\u00a0 So, what is all the hype about stem cells and what is their potential?<\/p>\n<p>In order to be classified as a stem cell, the cell line must demonstrate potency as well as the ability to self renew, which means that that particular stem cell can divide and produce more stem cells.\u00a0 Potency is by definition the ability to differentiate into specialized cells or any adult cell type.\u00a0 The terms generally assigned to potency in true stem cell lines are omnipotent and pluripotent.\u00a0 Omnipotent stem cells are produced as a result of the joining of an egg and sperm cell.\u00a0 Essentially, omnipotent stem cells yield embryonic cells and could, if allowed, produce a complete living organism.\u00a0 Pluripotent cells are the next step down and are a result of the further division of omnipotent stem cells, which creates the blastocyst.\u00a0 Embryonic stem cells usually demonstrate omnipotent or pluripotent capabilities.\u00a0 Adult stem cells are generally classified as having multipotent capabilities, which means they can differentiate into many different cell types but usually only of closely similar cell types from which they were extracted.<\/p>\n<p>Embryonic stem cells have demonstrated the highest level of capabilities and potential, mainly due to their assigned potency, however, due to their source or origin, much debate has been raised.\u00a0 Given their controversy, there are no approved medical therapies at this time in regards to embryonic stem cells and some research has actually been halted.\u00a0 The other major drawback to using embryonic stem cells is the risk for rejection as they are transplanted from one source to the next.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Adult stem (somatic) cells are present in all individuals as a means of repair and regeneration.\u00a0 The actual number of adult stem cells drops with age, but the hope is that with extraction, self renewal can take place in culture and increase their numbers for clinical use.<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0 The positive side to using adult stem cells is that risk of rejection is very low and in fact non-existent due to using cells derived from the patient themselves.\u00a0 Adult stem cell therapies have been used for many years and a prime example is in patients receiving bone marrow transplants for treatment of various leukemias.\u00a0 There are many other potentials for adult stem cell therapies including cardiovascular disease, liver and kidney disease, bone disorders including fractures and tendon conditions.\u00a0 In the veterinary community, the biggest focus is on tendon therapy as well as some bone related conditions such as arthritis and OCD lesions.<\/p>\n<p>Adult stem cells are most commonly obtained either through the bone marrow or fatty tissue.\u00a0 In my experience, the number one source, due to ease of extraction, is the fatty or adipose tissue.\u00a0 As mentioned, one drawback is that with age, cell numbers appear to decrease, which may yield low numbers upon extraction.\u00a0 The other concern regarding adult stem cells is their level of potency and ability to differentiate into the particular cell type needed.\u00a0 It appears, based on research, that adult stem cells are most likely to differentiate into cell types similar to that which they were extracted.\u00a0 Dependent on their origin, they appear to be already locked in, per se, on forming that particular cell type.\u00a0 Essentially, it may prove to be difficult to get a stem cell programmed for muscle or tendon repair to differentiate into a cardiac or nerve cell.\u00a0 This process of differentiation is rather complex and involves many signaler chemicals.\u00a0 Given this process of differentiation, the concern has been raised that it is possible that injection of stem cells could produce the formation of various tumors, mainly due to the process of differentiation being hard to control.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Stem Cells and Usage in the Horse; Other Considerations<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>There is much potential for the use of stem cells ranging from joint dysfunction to tendon and ligament disorders, but also includes possible nerve regenerative capabilities. \u00a0The majority of cases in which stem cells are used in the horse are considered\u00a0 to be degenerative or failing to heal as expected. \u00a0<em><strong>I think that due to the expense and possible invasiveness of stem cell therapies, we must step back and evaluate the entire picture of health<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>If we have a condition that is degenerative or failing to heal, we must ask why? \u00a0Is it a deficiency of stem cells? \u00a0Likely not, but if that were the case, again, we have to ask why.\u00a0 Stem cell numbers do decrease with age, but if health is not supported as the horse, or human, ages, then the numbers will be even lower. In most instances, the bottom line is that we have an ongoing inflammatory component and poor overall cellular health, which is contributing to a chronic condition and poor overall healing. \u00a0If we do not manage this aspect, but simply inject stem cells into the region, they will likely encounter the same hostile environment and fail to thrive, thus leading to a poor response and wasted efforts.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>In many instances, it has been shown in research trials that by modulating or managing the inflammatory response, natural stem cell production and function can be enhanced<\/em><\/strong>. \u00a0Curcumin, as one example of an herb that we heavily utilize, has been shown to not only mitigate the inflammatory response, but also improve stem cell production naturally. \u00a0In the majority of cases that we work with, many horses have chronic injuries that have failed to respond to stem cells, but once their inflammatory response is managed, they respond clinically with a progressive return to soundness and overall health. \u00a0I also feel that those horses that are undergoing stem cell therapy do better in the long term when the systemic inflammatory response is managed as compared to those in which it is not.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>This approach to managing inflammation in the body of the horse, either from a preventative approach or therapeutic one, may be the reason that I have never personally needed stem cell therapy in any of my cases involving the horse.<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0 The ones that we have worked with, managing various aspects to their regimen, diet and lifestyle, have improved dramatically in soundness and health without a single needed being injected.\u00a0 Most of our cases have marked improvement in 4-8 weeks, which is much quicker than any stem cell therapy I have witnessed.\u00a0 Most stem cell interventions noted improvement, if it is seen, in 4-6 months, not weeks.<\/p>\n<p>In the end, stem cells offer much hope and potential for aiding in the management of many diseases affecting humans and animals, but we still need to see the bigger picture, not viewing stem cells as the only answer or the cure all solution.\u00a0 There is much research and discovery still to be made regarding their extraction and overall usage, but right now, we are just in the infancy stages.\u00a0 The results thus far are promising, but overall response rate statistics are hard to find and are variable, which may reflect patient to patient variability in terms of cell line potency and the influence of ongoing inflammation. The process of harvesting, culturing and re-injecting stem cells is an expensive process and one that is not covered by many insurance carriers due to their research nature. \u00a0Given this, I do feel that they may offer a tremendous benefit for some patients, but we still need to take into consideration all variables involved in the healing process.<\/p>\n<p>Take time and understand your options.\u00a0 Look closely at your horse and the situation will become clearer.<\/p>\n<p>Author:\u00a0 Tom Schell, D.V.M.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-571\" src=\"https:\/\/nouvelleresearch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/images_250px-Mouse_embryonic_stem_cells.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"325\" height=\"274\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nouvelleresearch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/images_250px-Mouse_embryonic_stem_cells.jpg 325w, https:\/\/nouvelleresearch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/images_250px-Mouse_embryonic_stem_cells-150x126.jpg 150w, https:\/\/nouvelleresearch.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/images_250px-Mouse_embryonic_stem_cells-300x253.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 325px) 100vw, 325px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Stem cells are essentially specialized cells that have the ability to transform or differentiate into one of many different types of cells present within the body.&nbsp; That includes the potential ability to differentiate into cardiac, nerve, muscle, tendon, bone and many other types of cells.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2524,"featured_media":571,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[311,205,203,306,208,207,307,310,210,239,204,312,308,309,226],"class_list":["post-89","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-equine-articles","tag-chronic-inflamamtion","tag-cur-ost","tag-curcumin","tag-d-v-m","tag-equine","tag-horse","tag-horse-stem-cells","tag-horse-tendon-injury","tag-inflammation","tag-lameness","tag-nouvelle-research","tag-pain","tag-stem-cells","tag-tendon","tag-tom-schell"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Stem Cells and Potential For Therapy in the Horse - Nouvelle Research Official Website<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Stem cell therapy is becoming more and more popular for managing many health conditions in horses and humans. 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